See Vitamin E.

Also known as soya bean curd. Pressed soya milk curds, used widely in vegan and Asian cooking. Can be fresh or long life. Also available in a smooth silken form for blending.

A type of fat produced when liquid fats (oils) are turned into solid fats through a chemical process called?hydrogenation. Eating a large amount of trans fatty acid, or trans fats, also raises blood cholesterol and risk of heart disease.

A type of fat in your blood, triglycerides can contribute to the hardening and narrowing of your arteries if levels are too high. This puts you at risk of having a heart attack or stroke. Triglycerides are measured along with cholesterol as part of a blood test. Normal triglyceride levels are below 150 mg/dL. Levels above 200 mg/dL are high.

See Essential Amino Acids.

A bland processed meat-substitute made from defatted soya flour. Usually available dried, typically as mince or chunks, but more recently in other forms too. To use, typically soak for about 15 minutes in 2-3 times as much water (or highly flavoured stock) as TSP.

A bland processed meat-substitute made from vegetable matter (usually soya). Available dried or frozen, typically as mince or chunks, but more recently in other forms too. To use, typically soak for about 15 minutes in 2-3 times as much water (or highly flavoured stock) as TVP.

Type 1 diabetes is thought to be an autoimmune disorder that attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. (An autoimmune disorder occurs when the body's immune system, which usually helps the body fight diseases, turns against its own tissue.) Type 1 diabetes was known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, or juvenile diabetes. Without insulin, the body is not able to use blood sugar (glucose) for energy. To treat the disease, a person must inject insulin, exercise daily, and test blood sugar several times a day.

People with type 2 diabetes produce insulin, but either do not make enough insulin or their bodies do not efficiently use the insulin they make. People with type 2 diabetes may be able to control their condition by losing weight through diet and exercise. They may also need to inject insulin or take medicine along with continuing to follow a healthy eating pattern and being physically active on a regular basis. Type 2 diabetes was known as noninsulin-dependent diabetes or adult-onset diabetes and is the most common form of diabetes. Children and adolescents who are overweight may also be at risk to develop type 2 diabetes.

Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. Vegetable oils are a major source of unsaturated fat in the diet. Unsaturated fats include polyunsaturated fats and monounsaturated fats. Other foods, such as avocados, fatty fish like salmon and tuna, most nuts, and olives are good sources of unsaturated fat.

See Essential Amino Acids.

To modify a recipe by substituting plant-based foods for meat and dairy ingredients.

A broad term meaning a person who does not consume animal flesh (including poultry and seafood) nor products made from dead animals (such as gelatine) but may or may not eat dairy products and eggs. In common usage it is often taken to mean a lacto-ovo-vegetarian. 

A VLCD is a diet supervised by a health care professional that typically uses commercially prepared formulas to promote rapid weight loss in some patients who are considered to be obese. People on a VLCD consume about 800 calories a day or less.

On an absolute scale, physical activity that is done at 6.0 or more times the intensity of rest. On a scale relative to an individual's personal capacity, vigorous-intensity physical activity is usually a 7 or 8 on a scale of 0 to 10.